This type of graph will have to be approached differently than you would with the simple rotation of shapes using step and repeat. You will have to use the Pen Tool to make the initial sections so they will not be shape layers. Save the path and fill with a base color. The outer color ring is the most difficult (11.25º rotation), but the two inner color rings are simple 45º rotations. Smart objects can be used, but it's just as easy to use a clipping mask for each color. It's just as easily editable.
Start with the white lines.
The white lines were done using the Step and Repeat process and the Line Tool.
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The circular lines were done using an Ellipse shape with a stroke, reduce the fill to 0.
(As seen in video)
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Layer mask to hide certain lines.
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Each color panel was created using Pen Tool and manual rotation.
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