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Hi Ninanoki

It is apparent that the product information you shared uses both polarized light and a polarized filter to eliminate reflections and differentiate dentin and enamel.  I am assuming that you want a similar result without using that product and also without using your own polarized lights and polarized filters (correct me if I am wrong).

If my assumptions are correct, just to be clear, one cannot duplicate the polarized light effect in PS with standard lighting.  The almost exact parallel to is to try and differentiate color in a B&W image.  The polarization information in light is not captured in a standard image and therefore is not there to be adjusted/manipulated to ones advantage.

So I will assume that you want the ability to better differentiate colors in a standard image.  If there is a hue or saturation difference between the dentin and enamel in a standard image then there might be a way to amplify that difference into a luminosity difference and give you something of interest.  To have good differentiation though, from my experience it will be very important to have either a raw image or a 16 bit TIFF image to start from to see what can be done. This is because the hue and saturation differences are subtle and unfortunately, JPEG images compress the hue and saturation (actually posterizes those components) and the 8 bit depth make differentiation of small differences very hard or impossible.

If you could provide a high resolution raw image or 16 TIFF image of some example teeth then I think forum members could give it a real good shot to see what could be done.  That would be my first suggestion.