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Hi Aaron and welcome to the forums.

In the Unsharp Mask filter dialog, the Radius setting determines the thickness of the sharpened edge. Low values produce crisp edges. Higher values produce thicker edges with more contrast throughout the image.

The Threshold setting is entered between 0 and 255. They are brightness values and determine how PS recognizes the edges in an image. As you raise the Threshold setting fewer pixels are sharpened because PS ignores adjacent pixels of closer brightness. At 0 everything is sharpened.

Because file size and input source are such determining factors in sharpening, there is no perfect setting. Experimentation is in order. One strategy which may be helpful is to consider using a lower percentage value and running the filter multiple times. You can, in that manner, observe the point at which the effect is becoming detrimental to your image and back up a history state or two.

I noticed in the masking thread you mentioned that you were willing to look at plugins to assess them for utility. I might suggest that you look at Reindeer Graphic's Optipix 3, a series of image editing filters. I've found nothing better for sharpening than their Detail Sharpener and I've experimented with about a zillion techniques from edge masks and high pass/overlay blend modes to commercial plugins.

http://www.reindeergraphics.com/optipix/